What are the three categories of the 2nd line of defence in the immune system?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:The immune system's three lines of defense include physical and chemical barriers, non-specific innate responses, and specific adaptive responses.

Explanation:


Related Questions

of translation happens when the ribosome hits a stop codon on the mRNA. 2. of translation always happens at the start codon of the mRNA. 3. The process, performed by the ribosome, of reading mRNA and synthesizing a protein is called . 4. The RNA that has an amino acid attached to it, and that binds to the codon on the mRNA, is called a . 5. Amino acids are attached to tRNA by enzymes called .

Answers

We can confirm that when a ribosome hits a stop codon, the translation process halts, which is the process by which the mRNA is read to produce a protein through the use of tRNA and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.

What are the distinct types of RNA?

The process of translation in order to produce a protein has many parts. The mRNA is the messenger RNA that holds the genetic code needed to create the protein, this is read by the ribosomes. These ribosomes use the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzyme to attach the corresponding amino acids to the transfer RNA or tRNA and later to the protein itself.

Therefore, we can confirm that when a ribosome hits a stop codon, the translation process halts, which is the process by which the mRNA is read to produce a protein through the use of tRNA and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.

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Which is an advantage of using embryonic stem cells instead of adult stem cells to help a patient?

Answers

Answer:

quicker recovery period for limitless injuries and surgeries

Explanation:

its correct

A duplicated homologous chromosome pair contains how many copies of genes ?

A.) 2
B.) 4
C.) 8
D.) 16
E.) 32

Answers

A duplicated homologous chromosome pair contains 4 copies of genes because each chromosome has two copies of gene.

How many copies of gene present in a chromosome?

The two homologous copies of gene present in each chromosome so for the two chromosomes, four genes copies are present.

So we can conclude that a duplicated homologous chromosome pair contains 4 copies of genes because each chromosome has two copies of gene.

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What allows a species to increase in population relate to genetics?

Answers

Answer:

the flow of individuals in and out of population

I need a word after the “sub-“ please help

Answers

Answer:

Division

Explanation:

the cells are all divided.

PLEASE HELP
What is a major risk associated with cloning plants and animals for agriculture?

A) Cloned organisms require more water than normal.

B) Cloned organisms are too expensive to produce.

C) Cloned organisms grow much more slowly than natural organisms.

D) Cloned organisms are susceptible to diseases.

Answers

Answer:

D) Cloned organisms are susceptible to diseases

Explanation:

Researchers have observed some adverse health effects in sheep and other mammals that have been cloned. These include an increase in birth size and a variety of defects in vital organs, such as the liver, brain and heart.

A capillary wall is considered:
A. Narrow
B. Only one cell thick
C. Elastic
D. Wide

Answers

B or A

Explanation:

its one of those items ! pick wisely

B) Just one cell thick :).

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Which of these statements is the most correct regarding GENOTYPE?

A. The genotype is the combination of the two alleles that are inherited from your parents.

B. The genotype is the physical appearance of the trait determined by a certain phenotype.


C. The genotype is the allele that you inherit from your mother.

D. The genotype of a trait does not influence the phenotype at all.

Answers

A. because all of the other answers are incorrect! Have a nice day!

Hey there!

The correct option will be:

(A) The genotype is the combination of the two alleles that are inherited from your parents.

Hope it helps

Have a great day ahead

Which of the following species characteristics would allow a population to recover
most easily from the effects of overfishing?


A. Short life cycle

B. Slow growth rate

C. Low reproductive rate

D.Reaching maturity slowly

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

LADO Muji rAndi ko xora muji LADO chus

How did pasteur and Tyndall finally settle the Spontaneous Generation Controversy?

Answers

Pasteur and Tyndall finally settled the Spontaneous Generation Controversy with the experiments performed that disproved the theory.

What was the Spontaneous Generation Controversy?

This was a theory that stated that life would spontaneously arise, as an attempt to explain the fungi that would grow on food and the appearance of fly larvae in meat, since the existence of bacteria was not known at the time. Pasteur and Tyndall finally disproved this theory by showing that these things do not occur when the food is isolated from the open air.

Therefore, we can confirm that through their experiments which showed that without contact with the open air, life does not arise from leftover food, Pasteur and Tyndall proved that more is needed for life to arise.

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True or False? When there is a solar eclipse, everyone in the world can see it
happening.





Answers

Answer:

i think it is true

Explanation:

Everyone in the contiguous United States, in fact, everyone in North America plus parts of South America, Africa, and Europe will see at least a partial solar eclipse, while the thin path of totality will pass through portions of 14 states.

Answer:

I belive it's false.

Explanation:

Acording to NASA's spaceplace website, Getting a chance to see a total solar eclipse is rare. The Moon's shadow on Earth isn't very big, so only a small portion of places on Earth will see it. ( which includes everyone in North America plus parts of South America, Africa, and Europe will see at least a partial solar eclipse, while the thin path of totality will pass through portions of 14 states)

Also Fun Fact:A total eclipse occurs when the dark silhouette of the Moon completely obscures the intensely bright light of the Sun, allowing the much fainter solar corona to be visible. During any one eclipse, totality occurs at best only in a narrow track on the surface of Earth. This narrow track is called the path of totality. (Credit: NASA )

The use of vaginal inserts of Lactobacillus to restore a healthy acidic environment is an example of

Answers

The use of vaginal inserts of Lactobacillus to restore a healthy acidic environment is an example of probiotics.

What are probiotics?

Probiotic consumption is the intentional consumption of microorganisms that are considered "good" for the body and relatively safe to ingest. This is often done in an attempt to restore a healthy balance of microflora in distinct parts of the body, such as the one mentioned in this question.

Therefore, we can confirm that because this includes the intentional incorporation of bacteria with the end goal of restoring a healthy environment in the body, it can be considered an example of probiotics.

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the somatic nervous system controls
A. voluntary functions such as tying your shoes
B. involuntary functions such as tying your shoes
C. involuntary functions such as heart rate
D. Voluntary functions such as heart rate ​

Answers

Answer:

A. voluntary functions such as tying your shoes.

A thermocline is most closely associated with __________.

A: Clarity
B: Temperature
C: Acidity
D: Turbidity

Answers

Answer:

Temperature

Explanation:

because thermocline is a steep temperature gradient in a body of water such as a lake, marked by a layer above and below which the water is at different temperatures.

What is the medical term for inflammation of the nose and throat

Answers

The medical term nasopharyngitis is used specifically to refer to the swelling of the nasal passages (the nose) and the back of the throat.

What is nasopharyngitis?

It is associated with the rhinopharynx or nasopharynx, which is the sector of the pharynx that is next to the nostrils and above the back of the throat.

It is an inflammatory condition or a disease that is caused by the action of a virus in the upper respiratory system.

Therefore, we can conclude that the medical term nasopharyngitis is used specifically to refer to the swelling of the nasal passages (the nose) and the back of the throat.

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Fossilization is:
A. Common
B. Inexplicable
C. A Myth
D. Rare

Answers

Answer:

Fossilization is:  D. Rare

Explanation:

Answer:

D. Rare

Explanation:

Fossilization is rare because it takes very long to occur.


I hope it helps! Have a great day!

Nuggets~

What are the two causes of variation?
A. Inherited factors and diet.
B. Inherited and genetic factors.
C. Inherited and environmental factors.
D. Habitat and diet.

Answers

Answer:

the answer is b

Explanation:

The two main causes of variation are inherited and genetic factors

could please given me similarities or different adptive radiation evolution, and divergent and convergent evolution ? ​

Answers

Answer:

Three main differences between convergent and divergent evolution are: Convergent evolution shows how species have evolved separately but have similar (analogous) structures. Divergent evolution demonstrates how species can have common (homologous) anatomical structures which have evolved for different purposes.

Explanation:

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Scientists have evidence that the Earth has gone through several "ice ages" in which most of the Earth's surface was
covered by thick sheets of ice.
Which of the following would provide support that these ice ages existed?
A. a lack of the fossils of any living organisms
B. an absence of human remains or civilizations
C. the extinction of plant life in the fossil record
D. finding fossils of cold-adapted organisms in warm climates

Answers

Answer:

D

Explanation:

This would assist in proving there were ice ages because it shows that cold adapted animals were living before, in what is now warm environments.

A shoulder joint with tissue between the bones highlighted.

What is the flexible connective tissue shown in blue?
tendon
bone
cartilage
muscle

Answers

The answer here is cartilage

Answer:

I can confirm that c aka cartilage is the right answer if it is right pls like ty

Explanation:

Vicky made the following list to describe humidity:
It is the amount of water vapor in the air.
It is shown on weather maps in millimeters or in inches.
It can seen on cold surface as water droplets.

Which statement best describes why the list is incorrect? (2 points)
a It can be seen on hot surfaces as water droplets.
b It is shown on weather maps as a percent.
c It is the amount of moisture in the air.
d It is the temperature of water in the clouds.

Answers

Answer:

a

Explanation:

The answer is a because when you heat up water it turns into steam and when the steam starts to cool it turns into droplets.

In a certain fish, blue scales (B) and red scales (R) are codominant. When a fish has the hybrid genotype, it has a patch of blue and red scales.

What is the genotype for blue fish?

What is the genotype for red fish?

What is the genotype for patchwork fish

Answers

1. BB
2.bb
3. Bb

I believe these are the answers.

Which of the following statements is
TRUE?
A. Carbon dioxide is the primary PRODUCT of
photosynthesis.
B. Plants are AUTOTROPHIC organisms, because they
make their own food.
C. Plants EXCLUSIVELY store DNA in their chloroplasts.
D. The central vacuole is the SMALLEST organelle in a
plant cell.

Answers

Answer:

A- Oxygen and Glucose

B-Correct

C-Nucleus

D-Ribosome

Explanation:

Mark me brainliest

Plants are autotrophic organisms, because they make their own food. Therefore, option (B) is correct.

What are autotrophic organisms?

An autotrophic organism is an organism that is able to produce its own food using energy from an external source, such as sunlight or inorganic chemical reactions. Autotrophic organisms are able to sustain themselves without relying on organic matter from other sources, and they play a vital role in many ecosystems as producers.

There are two main types of autotrophic organisms: photosynthesizers and chemosynthesizers. Photosynthesizers, such as plants and algae, use sunlight as an energy source to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose through the process of photosynthesis. Chemosynthesizers, such as certain bacteria and archaea, use inorganic chemical reactions, such as the oxidation of sulfur or methane, as an energy source to produce organic compounds.

Autotrophic organisms are important because they form the base of many food chains, providing energy and nutrients for other organisms. They also play a key role in regulating the levels of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the atmosphere.

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could please given me similarities adptive radiation evolution and divergent ​

Answers

Answer:

Both adaptive radiation and divergent evolution are mechanisms which bring changes to a particular population. Both adaptive radiation and divergent evolution are involved in the emergence of a new species from pre-existing species depending on the selective environmental pressure.

Explanation:

The example of bats hunting at night illustrates
A. how behavior minimizes competition
B. the role of bats in marine ecosystems
C. the similarities between bats and birds
D. why bats often disrupt the balance of ecosystems

Answers

Answer:

how behavior minimizes competition

Explanation:

what is biology give explanation​

Answers

Answer:

Biology is the study of how things work in life.

Explanation :

It is the study of cells and how the human body works and other living organisims.

Answer:

Yes I am the guy

Explanation:

Select initial allele frequencies
2Click Next generation to wait a year for first generation of moths
3Click Capture moths to monitor population numbers
4Calculate phenotype frequencies in 5th generation. Record in Lab Data
5Calculate allele frequencies in 5th generation. Record in Lab Data
6Calculate genotype frequencies and number of moths in 5th generation. Record in Lab Data

Answers

p₀=0.5, q₀ = 0.5.// p₅=0.86, q₅ = 0.14.// p₅² = 0.74, 2pq₅ = 0.24, q₅² = 0.02. // 1062 Black individuals DD, 344 Black, 29 White individuals dd.

Note: Due to technical problems, in the attached files you will find the complete explanation.

1) Phenotype frequencies

⇒ F(white) = 0.02  

⇒ F(black) ≅ 0.98    

2) Allele Frequencies

f₀(D) = p = 0.5

f₀(d) = q = 0.5

f₅(D) = p = 0.86

f₅(d) = q = 0.14

3) Genotypic Frequencies

F₅(DD) = p² ≅ 0.74

F₅(Dd) = 2pq = 0.24

F₅(dd) = q² ≅ 0.02    

4) Number of individuals

⇒ DD Black individuals → ≅ 1062

⇒ Dd Black individuals → ≅ 344

⇒ dd White individuals → ≅ 29

----------------------------------

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1. Name four important biogeochemical processes that cycle matter.

Answers

Explanation:

water cycle

carbon cycle

nitrogen cycle

phosphorous cycle 

Why do humans need more potent pesticides over time?

A. Because the target population soon develops a resistance to the chemical

B. Because pesticide salesmen need to make more money

C. Because plants begin to eat pesticides

D. Because the explosive growth of the human population places increased demands on current farmers

Answers

Answer:

A.

Explanation:

Pesticides are designed to kill a specific target population, such as insects or weeds. however, over time the target population begins to develop a resistance to the chemical, making the pesticide less effective. In order to combat this, farmers need to use more potent pesticides.

The region indicated by letter A is known as

Answers

Answer:

a gene

Explanation:

thhis was a review in high school

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