Answer:The plasma membrane
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have a plasma membrane, a double layer of lipids that separates the cell interior from the outside environment. This double layer consists largely of specialized lipids called phospholipids.
A phospholipid is made up of a hydrophilic, water-loving, phosphate head, along with two hydrophobic, water-fearing, fatty acid tails. Phospholipids spontaneously arrange themselves in a double-layered structure with their hydrophobic tails pointing inward and their hydrophilic heads facing outward. This energetically favorable two-layer structure, called a phospholipid bilayer, is found in many biological membranes. [Close-up of a phospholipid]
As shown below, proteins are also an important component of the plasma membrane. Some of them pass all the way through the membrane, serving as channels or signal receptors, while others are just attached at the edge. Different types of lipids, such as cholesterol, may also be found in the cell membrane and affect its fluidity.
An image of plasma membrane shows the phospholipid bilayer, embedded proteins, and cholesterol molecules. The membrane separates the extracellular space, outside of the cell, from the cytosol inside the cell.
An image of plasma membrane shows the phospholipid bilayer, embedded proteins, and cholesterol molecules. The membrane separates the extracellular space, outside of the cell, from the cytosol inside the cell.
Image credit: modified from OpenStax Biology
The plasma membrane is the border between the interior and exterior of a cell. As such, it controls passage of various molecules—including sugars, amino acids, ions, and water—into and out of the cell. How easily these molecules can cross the membrane depends on their size and polarity. Some small, nonpolar molecules, such as oxygen, can pass directly through the phospholipid portion of the membrane. Larger and more polar, hydrophilic, molecules, such as amino acids, must instead cross the membrane by way of protein channels, a process that is often regulated by the cell. You can learn more about cellular transport in the membranes and transport section.
The surface area of the plasma membrane limits the exchange of materials between a cell and its environment. Some cells are specialized in the exchange of wastes or nutrients and have modifications to increase the area of the plasma membrane. For instance, the membranes of some nutrient-absorbing cells are folded into fingerlike projections called microvilli, singular, microvillus. Cells with microvilli cover the inside surface of the small intestine, the organ that absorbs nutrients from digested food. The microvilli help intestinal cells maximize their absorption of nutrients from food by increasing plasma membrane surface area. [Microvilli and celiac disease]
Diagram and micrograph of intestinal cells, showing the protruding "fingers" of plasma membrane—called microvilli—that contact the fluid inside the small intestine.
Diagram and micrograph of intestinal cells, showing the protruding "fingers" of plasma membrane—called microvilli—that contact the fluid inside the small intestine.
Image credit: OpenStax Biology. Micrograph is a modification of work by Louisa Howard.
The cytoplasm
The part of the cell referred to as cytoplasm is slightly different in eukaryotes and prokaryotes. In eukaryotic cells, which have a nucleus, the cytoplasm is everything between the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope. In prokaryotes, which lack a nucleus, cytoplasm simply means everything found inside the plasma membrane.
One major component of the cytoplasm in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes is the gel-like cytosol, a water-based solution that contains ions, small molecules, and macromolecules. In eukaryotes, the cytoplasm also includes membrane-bound organelles, which are suspended in the cytosol. The cytoskeleton, a network of fibers that supports the cell and gives it shape, is also part of the cytoplasm and helps to organize cellular components.
Even though the cytosol is mostly water, it has a semi-solid, Jello-like consistency because of the many proteins suspended in it. The cytosol contains a rich broth of macromolecules and smaller organic molecules, including glucose and other simple sugars, polysaccharides, amino acids, nucleic acids, and fatty acids. Ions of sodium, potassium, calcium, and other elements are also found in the cytosol. Many metabolic reactions, including protein synthesis, take place in this part of the cell.
Explanation:
Write three facts about recessive heredity genes
Answer:
Recessive is a quality found in the relationship between two versions of a gene. Individuals receive one version of a gene, called an allele, from each parent. If the alleles are different, the dominant allele will be expressed, while the effect of the other allele, called recessive, is masked...?
Explanation:
How does a tree move substances like water and glucose around?
Answer:
Most plants have green leaves, where the photosynthesis happens. When those sugars are made, they need to be given to every cell in the plant for energy. Enter phloem. The phloem cells are laid out end-to-end throughout the entire plant, transporting the sugars and other molecules created by the plant.
Explanation:
Describe how the plasma membrane helps maintain homeostasis in a cell.
Answer:. By keeping cell contents within the cell, keeps cell organelles suspended in the cell, regulate what comes in and out of the cell or keep foreign material out, and allows for transportation of fuel, fluids, and waste.
Explanation: the plasma membrane is a jelly like fluid (hope this helps you :D )
what type of star is an example of an average star?
Answer:
our own sun is an average star
Explanation:
pls help me lol.....
Answer:
79
Explanation:
6+7
Answer:
In yeast, the extra reactions make alcohol, while in your muscles, they make lactic acid. Fermentation is a widespread pathway, but it is not the only way to get energy from fuels anaerobically (in the absence of oxygen).
Explanation:
¿Que pasa cuando ingerimos algunas sustancias adictivas? A: Afectan nuestro sistema circulatorio B: Afectan nuestro sistema respiratorio C: Afectan principalmente a nuestro sistema nervioso central
Answer:
C: Afectan principalmente a nuestro sistema nervioso central
Explanation:
Al ingerir sustancias adictivas, el principal afectado o influenciado es el sistema nervioso. Aunque existen diversas formas de acción de las sustancias adictivas, en general, éstas actúan afectando el pasaje dopaminérgico.
La dopamina es un neurotransmisor liberado por el sistema nervioso central que causa sensación de placer. Es conocido como la "hormona del placer" y esta relacionado con la evolución de las adicciones. Las diversas sustancias adictivas alteran el funcionamiento normal del sistema nervioso, provocando un exceso de liberación de dopamina. Esta excesiva sensación de placer al consumir sustancias adictivas es lo que nos lleva a seguir consumiendo, para repetir la experiencia placentera, generando adicción. Al hacerlo, los mecanismos de recompensa del cerebro se ven afectados, siendo la causa del elevado nivel de dopamina en el organismo. Este aumento anormal del neurotransmisor provoca una respuesta de parte del organismo que radica en disminuir la cantidad de receptores dopaminérgicos. Al hacerlo, la persona adictas sienten menos placer y mas necesidad de consumir sustancias, para alcanzar el mismo efecto de euforia o uno incluso superior.
Describe the impact of human activity on natural resources - (discuss resources such as energy, minerals, forest and marine include overpopulation and over fishing)
Answer:
As the human population has grown, the need for more land has caused an increase in the cutting down of forest lands for habitation and farming. The result has been an increase in soil erosion, an increase in species extinction from habitat loss, and a reduction of oxygen supplied by the trees, as well as lower amounts of carbon dioxide being removed from the atmosphere. Industrial and personal use of fossil fuels has dramatically increased the amount of air pollution in the atmosphere while systematically using up the supply of the non-renewable resources such as coal, oil and natural gas
Explanation: Hope this helps! ^^
Answer:
Overpopulation can result in a/an
scarcity
of natural resources.
Explanation:
yes
There are two continents with an ocean between them. Today, the continents have very diferent plants and animals on
them. However, a geologist found fossils of the same type of organism on both continents. Millions of years ago when
this type of organism was alive, we know it lived in only one place. The geologist is using the fossils as evidence to argue
that the two continents used to be touching. How could the continents have gotten so far apart, and how long did it take
for this to happen?
Answer:
It took hundreds and thousands of year and earth quakes and sea level rise have drowned some island parts and split the land and took it somewhere else
Explanation:
When the land got split apart some fossils were in the splitting of the land and got separated apart from each other this also helps with the history of our planet and what happened
Given the following
mRNA, determine the
original DNA sequence.
UACGUAUCGUUUAGC
how can we determine the probability that an organisms expressed version of a trait will be passed on to it's offspring?
Answer:
Punnet square
Explanation:
I am pretty sure this is it
By using Punnett square we can determine the probability that an organism's expressed version of a trait will be passed on to its offspring.
What is Punnett square?Reginald. C Punnett invented the Punnett square, a square shape diagram used to forecast the genotype and phenotype of offspring from a breeding experiment by crossing the genes of the parents.
The diagram's number of Punnett squares is determined by the number of attributes employed. After creating the boxes, one parent's gene is placed on top and the other parent's gene is placed on the left side.
In the event of a monohybrid cross, just one letter with a single characteristic crosses one box, whereas two letters with two separate traits cross one box.
The number of alternative genotypes of offspring is obtained by crossing the characteristic.
Thus, the Punnett square helps in determining the probability that a trait will be passed on to its offspring.
You can learn more about Punnett square here:
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During which type of asexual reproduction is a small portion of cytoplasm and half of the chromosomes separated from the rest of the cell?
1.budding
2.sporulation
3.. binary fission
Location Four: Select two events that you predict will be observed. If I explore two oceanic plates at a convergent boundary, then I will observe:
-earthquakes
-faults
-ocean formation
-mountains
-volcanoes
Answer: Faults and mountains
please help!!
select all 4 stages of the cell cycle
Answer:
Interphase, Mitosis, and Cytokinesis
Explanation:
why don't people get the smallpox vaccine anymore?
Answer:
After world health authorities declared smallpox had been eradicated from nature in 1980, Wyeth stopped making the vaccine. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) kept a stockpile for use in case of emergency. In 2003 this supply helped contain an outbreak of monkeypox in the United States.
Explanation:
Answer:
After world health authorities declared smallpox had been eradicated from nature in 1980, Wyeth stopped making the vaccine. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) kept a stockpile for use in case of emergency. In 2003 this supply helped contain an outbreak of monkeypox in the United States.
Explanation:
What happens if there is a mutation in the DNA? What are the effects of a mutation?
Answer:
When a gene mutation occurs, the nucleotides are in the wrong order which means the coded instructions are wrong and faulty proteins are made or control switches are changed. The body can't function as it should. Mutations can be inherited from one or both parents. They are present in the egg and/ or sperm cells.
Explanation:
i look it up
If John has12apples and eats 10 gown many is left
Answer:
Two
Explanation:
Answer:
two apples are left because 12 minus 10 is 2
Counting how many sunflowers turned toward the sun is an example of -
A-Qualitative data
B-pinions
C-Quantitative data
D- Beauty
Answer:
answer is (c) quantities data
what is an example of a cell that has more mitochondria?
Answer:
muscle cells
Explanation:
Photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into
A. oxygen
B. high-energy sugars (ie. glucose)
C. chloroplasts and oxygen
D. oxygen and high energy sugars (ie. glucoese)
What are the differences between cartilaginous fish and bony fish?
Answer:
Explanation . :However, the most obvious disparity between the two types of fish is the composition of their skeleton. As the name suggests, “bony fish” have a skeleton composed of only bones while a cartilaginous fish has a skeleton made entirely of cartilage.
Which one is the answer?
Answer:
Explanation:
A virus is a nucleoprotein and the genetic material is infectious. Speaking in strictly general terms, viruses infecting plants have single-stranded RNA. On the other hand, viruses that infect animals have either single or double-stranded RNA or they might have double-stranded DNA.
Answer:
Viral DNA
Explanation:
:-) :-) :-) :-) :-) :-) :-) :-) :-)
WILL GIVE 30 POINTS IF YOU GET THE RIGHT ANSWER
Answer:
3. Spiral galaxies revolve around a single point and gas spinning arms of stars extending from the center
4. Star 4 will stay on the main sequence for the longest time.
Explanation:
A galaxy is a system of gases, dust, and billions of stars and their solar systems, and dark matter which are bound together by gravity. Types of galaxies based on structure are elliptical, spiral, irregular and barred spiral.
Spiral galaxies have a spiral shape consisting of a central bulge, a halo, a disk, and spiral arms. At the center of revolution of the galaxy is the bulge which contains older stars. The disk contains gas, dust and younger stars which extend as spiral arms. The halo is found around the bulge and contains old cluster of stars. Ab example of a spiral galaxy is our Milky Way galaxy.
4. The mass of a star is related to its luminosity as well as its position on the main sequence. High solar mass stars have high luminosity and therefore spend the least time on the main sequence whereas low solar mass stars have low luminosity and spend the most time on the main sequence.
Therefore, Star 4 having the lowest solar mass will spend the most time on the main sequence.
pls help me i will give 5 stars and thanks
Answer:
Marine fish balance the salt by excreting extra salt and by also using their gills.
Explanation:
When summarizing the process of transcription in a cell as a gene is used to build a polypeptide, which of these statements
accurately reflects the process of transcription? You may choose all that apply.
les)
A)
An mRNA molecule is produced in the nucleus of the cell.
B)
The ribosome attaches to the DNA to build a polypeptide,
The resulting RNA molecule is a complement of the gene on the DNA.
D)
The RNA molecules contains three nucleotides in a row whose bases form
a codon.
E)
A polypeptide is synthesized based on the sequence of nucleotides on the
tRNA molecule.
Answer:A. An mRNA molecule is produced in the nucleus. C. The resulting RNA molecule is a complement of the gene on the DNA. D. The RNA molecules contains three nucleotides in a row whose bases form a codon.
Explanation: tRNA and ribosomes aren’t used in protein synthesis until translation. The tRNA molecule sequence is not used in either transcription and translation
The statement that reflects the process of transcription is
An mRNA molecule.The resulting RNA molecule.It contained three nucleotides. What is the process of transcription:It does include:
An mRNA molecule is produced in the nucleus of the cell.The resulting RNA molecule is a complement of the gene on the DNA.The RNA molecules contains three nucleotides in a row whose bases form.Hence, A, C and D are correct.
learn more about RNA here: https://brainly.com/question/24874655
A well is a structure created to obtain water from deep in the geo sphere. From which stage of the water cycle does the wall obtain water
Guys pls help me!!!!!!!!!
Answer:
2. Cellular respiration.
If a species has 35 % adenine in it’s DNA what is the percent of the other three bases
Answer:
35% thyamine, 15% guanine and 15% cytosine
Answer:
35% thymine, 15% guanine and 15% cytosine
Explanation:
35% thymine, 15% guanine, and, 15% cytosine because the exact same amount of thymine would pair up with adenine, thus thymine has to be 35%. Thymine and adenine take up 70% of the DNA the rest has to equal 30%. Guanine and cytosine make up the rest, which is 30%, thus we have to split it evenly because they pair up with each other. Therefore, guanine and cytosine equal 15%.
what stages of the cell cycle are included in interphase
Answer:
Interphase is composed of G1 phase (cell growth), followed by S phase (DNA synthesis), followed by G2 phase (cell growth). At the end of interphase comes the mitotic phase, which is made up of mitosis and cytokinesis and leads to the formation of two daughter cells.
Explanation:
Interphase is composed of G1 phase (cell growth), followed by S phase (DNA synthesis), followed by G2 phase (cell growth). At the end of interphase comes the mitotic phase, which is made up of mitosis and cytokinesis and leads to the formation of two daughter cells.
hope this helps ^^
How many amino acids would the follow strand of mRNA code for?
UGCCGAUAA
9
6
3
2
Answer:
Three amino acids would follow
How many amino acids would the follow strand of mRNA code for?
UGCCGAUAA
9
6
3
2
