A marine ecosystem is represented below. top carnivores, sharks, dolphins, albatross, third-level carnivores, squid, second-level carnivores, larger fish, decomposers first-level carnivorous consumers, juvenile stages of fish, jellyfish, crustaceans, and sea stars, herbivore consumers, zooplankton and cockles, primary producers, phytoplankton and seaweed, sunlight. What is lost to the environment at each of the trophic levels of this ecosystem

The question is as follows,

A marine ecosystem is represented below (you will find the image in the attached files).

- Decomposers

6) Top carnivore:  sharks, dolphins, albatross

5) Third-level carnivores: squid

4) Second-level carnivores: larger fish

3) First-level carnivores: juvenile stages of fish, jellyfish, crustaceans, and sea stars

2) Herbivore: zooplankton and cockles

1) Primary producers: phytoplankton and seaweed

- Sun provides energy to producers

What is lost to the environment at each of the trophic levels of this ecosystem?

In a trophic web, 10% of a link's energy is transferred to the following link, and the other 90% dissipates to the environment as heat. The answer is heat.

The trophic web is the interaction between different organisms involving transference of energy when some of them feed on the other ones.

The ones placed at lower levels pass energy to the ones at the higher levels.

Organisms at each level feed on the preceding one and become food for the next one.

Because it is a web, all organisms are in equilibrium until a change occurs. When a sudden change affects any of the involved links, there can be a cascade effect on the web.

Any change in a link population size (increasing or decreasing) will affect the superior links and the immediately anterior link.

From the energy that reaches the Earth's surface, only 0.1 or 1% is absorbed by autotroph organisms.

This small percentage of energy flows through all organisms in the ecosystem -from autotrophs to heter0trophs- until it dissipates in the environment.

Only 10% of energy is transferred from one level to the next one. The remaining 90% is dissipated as heat to the environment. This assessment is called The 10% rule.

This rule states that only about 10% of the energy stored as biomass at one trophic level, ends up as biomass at the next trophic level.

The progressive reduction of energy determines the number of trophic levels (4 or 5).

Heat is lost to the environment at each of the trophic levels of this ecosystem.

You can learn more about the 10% rule at

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